In this instance, we could decide in advance how we might react to a vaccine becoming available, and get it out to people quickly.. As the Factory in a Box project demonstrated, there are elements which are standardised across projects.
The UK has established ambitious targets to reduce carbon by 2050.The UK aspires to reduce total carbon emissions by 78% by 2035, compared to 2020 levels, and become net zero carbon by 2050.
These ambitions, translated to the built environment, can only be achieved via the implementation of measures to reduce operational and embodied carbon of new buildings, upgrading existing buildings, the use of ambitious policies and crucially via a decarbonised grid..The built environment contributes to around 40% of the UK's total carbon footprint.Based on UKGBC’s Net Zero Carbon Buildings “A framework definition", a typical Cat A office’s building embodied carbon, after the first year of use, would be 75% of the total carbon, whilst the operational carbon would be around 25%.
Although the operational carbon will accumulate overtime, a decarbonised grid will mean that the growth rate will flatten, and after 60 years the embodied carbon will still remain higher than operational carbon, as shown in Figure 2.This means that the focus and the priority should shift from operational to embodied carbon during the design..
Embodied and operational carbon increase in a decarbonised grid scenario.
In this context, the request for Whole Life Carbon Assessment (WLCA) has increased notably over the last few years.All that’s needed is something like a LoRaWAN network to connect to.
LoRaWAN is a long-range, wide-area network on a different frequency band to WiFi.As a result, it doesn’t compete with cell phones and other devices connected via WiFi on construction sites.
As LoRaWAN is very long-range, it enables construction sites to be quite remote, representing great potential for Australia where it’s not unusual to travel five to ten hours to a site.Europe is already covered in LoRaWAN with something like 10,000 gateways across Europe, over 1,000 in Australia, and around 800 in the U.S. One barrier which presents for the latter, is that their cellular network, which runs across states, makes it difficult to talk between networks.
(Editor: Elegant Blenders)